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\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u8881\u5e9a\u3001\u9ec4\u4f5c\u6885\u7b49\u4eba\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e1c\u6c5f\u7eb5\u961f\u8054\u7edc\u5904\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u6536\u96c6\u60c5\u62a5\u6709\u529b\u652f\u63f4\u76df\u519b\u4f5c\u6218\u3002\u56fe\u4e3a\u9ec4\u4f5c\u6885\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u6b64\u6b21\u5c55\u89c8\u662f\u7a57\u6e2f\u4e24\u5730\u5386\u53f2\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\u3002\u65e9\u57282004\u5e74\uff0c\u519c\u8bb2\u6240\u7eaa\u5ff5\u9986\u4e0e\u9999\u6e2f\u6d77\u9632\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5c31\u66fe\u5408\u4f5c\u4e3e\u529e\u201c\u70fd\u706b\u82f1\u96c4\u2014\u2014\u4e1c\u6c5f\u7eb5\u961f\u4e0e\u6e2f\u4e5d\u72ec\u7acb\u5927\u961f\u201d\u5c55\u89c8\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u519c\u8bb2\u6240\u7eaa\u5ff5\u9986\u4e0e\u9999\u6e2f\u6c99\u5934\u89d2\u6297\u6218\u7eaa\u5ff5\u9986\u518d\u5ea6\u643a\u624b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u7269\u3001\u56fe\u7247\u7b49\u53f2\u6599\uff0c\u5168\u9762\u5c55\u73b0\u6e2f\u4e5d\u5927\u961f\u4e0e\u9999\u6e2f\u540c\u80de\u7684\u6297\u6218\u5386\u7a0b\uff0c\u65e2\u662f\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u7f05\u6000\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u5bf9\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u4f20\u627f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u519c\u8bb2\u6240\u7eaa\u5ff5\u9986\u5c06\u52a0\u5f3a\u4e0e\u9999\u6e2f\u5730\u533a\u6587\u535a\u673a\u6784\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u5c55\u89c8\u4ea4\u6d41\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u6316\u6398\u548c\u9610\u91ca\u5927\u6e7e\u533a\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u8109\uff0c\u52a9\u529b\u7ca4\u6e2f\u6fb3\u5927\u6e7e\u533a\u6587\u5316\u5efa\u8bbe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u91cd\u70b9\u5c55\u54c1\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

1.1936\u5e74\u4e1c\u6c5f\u7eb5\u961f\u53f8\u4ee4\u5458\u66fe\u751f\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u5f53\u6d77\u5458\u65f6\u7a7f\u8fc7\u7684\u88e4\u5b50\uff08\u4e09\u7ea7\u6587\u7269\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1936\u5e74\u4e1c\u6c5f\u7eb5\u961f\u53f8\u4ee4\u5458\u66fe\u751f\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u5f53\u6d77\u5458\u65f6\u7a7f\u8fc7\u7684\u88e4\u5b50\uff08\u4e09\u7ea7\u6587\u7269\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u662f\u66fe\u751f1936\u5e74\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u201c\u65e5\u672c\u7687\u540e\u201d\u8f6e\u8239\u5f53\u6d77\u5458\u65f6\u7a7f\u8fc7\u7684\u88e4\u5b50\uff0c\u6df1\u7070\u8272\uff0c\u6709\u7ec6\u6761\u7eb9\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u5f00\u53e3\u6709\u94ae\u6263\uff0c\u7531\u66fe\u751f\u4e4b\u5b50\u66fe\u5fb7\u5e73\u6350\u8d60\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u66fe\u751f\uff081910\u20141995\uff09\uff0c\u5e7f\u4e1c\u60e0\u9633\u576a\u5c71\uff08\u4eca\u6df1\u5733\u5e02\u576a\u5c71\u65b0\u533a\uff09\u4eba\u30021936\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u4e2d\u5c71\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u751f\u66fe\u751f\u56e0\u88ab\u53cd\u52a8\u6d3e\u901a\u7f09\u800c\u9003\u5f80\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c\u5230\u201c\u65e5\u672c\u7687\u540e\u201d\u53f7\u8f6e\u8239\u5f53\u6d77\u5458\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u7531\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5458\u66fe\u5bff\u9686\u7b49\u4eba\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u201c\u4f59\u95f2\u4e50\u793e\u201d\u30021936\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u66fe\u751f\u56de\u4e2d\u5c71\u5927\u5b66\u8bfb\u4e66\uff0c\u540c\u5e7410\u6708\u52a0\u5165\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u3002\u540e\u66fe\u751f\u53d7\u4e2d\u5171\u5357\u65b9\u4e34\u65f6\u5de5\u4f5c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u6307\u6d3e\uff0c\u5230\u9999\u6e2f\u6d77\u5458\u4e2d\u5f00\u5c55\u5de5\u4f5c\u30021936\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u5357\u65b9\u4e34\u65f6\u5de5\u4f5c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u51b3\u5b9a\u6210\u7acb\u4e2d\u5171\u9999\u6e2f\u6d77\u5458\u5de5\u4f5c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff0c\u66fe\u751f\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5de5\u4f5c\u30021943\u5e74\uff0c\u4efb\u4e1c\u6c5f\u7eb5\u961f\u53f8\u4ee4\u5458\u3002\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u66fe\u4efb\u4e2d\u5171\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7701\u59d4\u5e38\u59d4\u3001\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7701\u526f\u7701\u957f\u3001\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u4ea4\u901a\u90e8\u90e8\u957f\u7b49\u804c\u3002\u8fd9\u6761\u88e4\u5b50\u89c1\u8bc1\u4e86\u66fe\u751f\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u9769\u547d\u5c81\u6708\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.1939\u5e74\u4e2d\u5171\u9999\u6e2f\u6587\u5316\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e66\u8bb0\u8fde\u8d2f\u8d60\u7ed9\u6768\u5eb7\u534e\u7684\u6d3e\u514b\u7b14\uff08\u4e09\u7ea7\u6587\u7269\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1939\u5e74\u4e2d\u5171\u9999\u6e2f\u6587\u5316\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e66\u8bb0\u8fde\u8d2f\u8d60\u7ed9\u6768\u5eb7\u534e\u7684\u6d3e\u514b\u7b14\uff08\u4e09\u7ea7\u6587\u7269\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u662f1939\u5e74\u8fde\u8d2f\u8d60\u7ed9\u6768\u5eb7\u534e\u7684\u6d3e\u514b\u7b14\uff0c\u7b14\u7b52\u5e95\u8272\u4e3a\u9ed1\u8272\uff0c\u6709\u6697\u8272\u6761\u7eb9\uff0c\u7531\u6768\u5eb7\u534e\u4e4b\u59bb\u5218\u667a\u83b9\u6350\u8d60\u30021943\u5e74\u6768\u5eb7\u534e\u62c5\u4efb\u4e1c\u6c5f\u7eb5\u961f\u653f\u6cbb\u90e8\u4e3b\u4efb\uff0c\u4e1c\u6c5f\u7eb5\u961f\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u6587\u544a\u90fd\u662f\u7528\u6b64\u7b14\u5199\u5c31\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6768\u5eb7\u534e\uff081915\u20141991\uff09\uff0c\u5e7f\u4e1c\u5e7f\u5dde\u4eba\u30021936\u5e74\u4e2d\u5c71\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\uff0c\u540c\u5e74\u52a0\u5165\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u30021938\u5e74\u8d77\u5386\u4efb\u4e2d\u5171\u5e7f\u5dde\u5e02\u59d4\u5e38\u59d4\u517c\u5ba3\u4f20\u90e8\u957f\u3001\u9999\u6e2f\u5e02\u59d4\u4e66\u8bb0\uff0c\u5e7f\u4e1c\u4eba\u6c11\u6297\u65e5\u6e38\u51fb\u603b\u961f\u526f\u653f\u59d4\u517c\u653f\u6cbb\u90e8\u4e3b\u4efb\u3001\u4e1c\u6c5f\u7eb5\u961f\u653f\u6cbb\u90e8\u4e3b\u4efb\u7b49\u804c\u3002\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u66fe\u4efb\u5e7f\u4e1c\u519b\u533a\u653f\u6cbb\u90e8\u526f\u4e3b\u4efb\u3001\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7701\u526f\u7701\u957f\u3001\u66a8\u5357\u5927\u5b66\u6821\u957f\u7b49\u804c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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3.\u6297\u65e5\u6218\u4e89\u65f6\u671f\u4e1c\u6c5f\u7eb5\u961f\u653f\u6cbb\u59d4\u5458\u5c39\u6797\u5e73\u7528\u8fc7\u7684\u94a2\u7b14\uff08\u4e09\u7ea7\u6587\u7269\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6297\u65e5\u6218\u4e89\u65f6\u671f\u4e1c\u6c5f\u7eb5\u961f\u653f\u6cbb\u59d4\u5458\u5c39\u6797\u5e73\u7528\u8fc7\u7684\u94a2\u7b14\uff08\u4e09\u7ea7\u6587\u7269\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u662f\u6297\u65e5\u6218\u4e89\u65f6\u671f\u4e1c\u6c5f\u7eb5\u961f\u653f\u6cbb\u59d4\u5458\u5c39\u6797\u5e73\u7528\u8fc7\u7684\u94a2\u7b14\uff0c\u7b14\u5957\u662f\u91d1\u5c5e\uff0c\u4e3a\u91d1\u8272\uff0c\u7b14\u662f\u786c\u5851\u58f3\uff0c\u4e3a\u68d5\u8272\uff0c\u7531\u5c39\u6797\u5e73\u4e4b\u59bb\u4f59\u6167\u6350\u8d60\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5c39\u6797\u5e73\uff081908\u20141984\uff09\uff0c\u6c5f\u897f\u5174\u56fd\u4eba\u30021931\u5e74\u52a0\u5165\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u30021940\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u5e7f\u4e1c\u4eba\u6c11\u6297\u65e5\u6e38\u51fb\u961f\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u517c\u4efb\u7b2c\u4e09\u3001\u7b2c\u4e94\u5927\u961f\u653f\u6cbb\u59d4\u5458\u3002\u9999\u6e2f\u6ca6\u9677\u540e\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8425\u6551\u88ab\u56f0\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u5927\u6279\u6587\u5316\u4eba\u58eb\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u4eba\u58eb\u53ca\u56fd\u9645\u53cb\u4eba\u30021943\u5e7412\u6708\u81f31946\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u517c\u4efb\u5e7f\u4e1c\u4eba\u6c11\u6297\u65e5\u6e38\u51fb\u961f\u4e1c\u6c5f\u7eb5\u961f\u653f\u6cbb\u59d4\u5458\u3002\u89e3\u653e\u6218\u4e89\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u66fe\u4efb\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u7ca4\u8d63\u6e58\u8fb9\u7eb5\u961f\u53f8\u4ee4\u5458\u517c\u653f\u6cbb\u59d4\u5458\u3002\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u66fe\u4efb\u4e2d\u5171\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7701\u59d4\u5e38\u59d4\u3001\u4e66\u8bb0\uff0c\u7701\u653f\u534f\u4e3b\u5e2d\u7b49\u804c\u3002\u8fd9\u652f\u7b14\u662f\u5c39\u6797\u5e73\u5728\u6297\u65e5\u6218\u4e89\u65f6\u671f\u9769\u547d\u4e8b\u8ff9\u7684\u6709\u529b\u89c1\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4.1957\u5e74\u539f\u4e1c\u6c5f\u7eb5\u961f\u653f\u6cbb\u90e8\u4e3b\u4efb\u6768\u5eb7\u534e\u7684\u8f6c\u4e1a\u519b\u4eba\u8bc1\u660e\u4e66\uff08\u4e09\u7ea7\u6587\u7269\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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